Abstract

The rise in power-assisted personal mobility vehicles such as e-bicycles, e-scooters, and e-monowheels has led to new behaviours, space-sharing problems, and traffic offenses. Recent statistics indicate a significant increase in accidents involving micro mobility users in France. Therefore, to better understand how these vehicles perform, hard braking and acceleration tests were conducted on a track, with three e-scooters, an e-monowheel, and two e-bicycles, equipped with data loggers to measure their deceleration and acceleration capabilities. Results showed that emergency braking is more efficient on e-bicycles, with an average deceleration of 6 m/s² and a stopping distance of 3.3 m when approaching speed is 25 km/h. In comparison, e-scooters had an average hard deceleration of only 3.8 m/s², and the average stopping distance was 5.2 m. E-monowheels had even lower deceleration, around 3 m/s², and a stopping distance of approximately 6.4 m. In terms of acceleration, e-bicycles had the highest average acceleration in Turbo mode. Overall, the braking and acceleration capabilities of these vehicles are much lower than those of cars and motorcycles, which could explain why traffic conflicts involving e-micro mobility can quickly escalate into accidents.